When Researchers Have Asked Participants to Take the Perspective of Another

question 21

Multiple Choice

When researchers have asked participants to take the perspective of another person, or nonhuman animal, suffering the effects of environmentally irresponsible behavior, participants have displayed

• A)increased empathy and environmental concern.
• B)callous disregard and psychological distance.
• C)self-defensive denial and detachment
• D)increased concern for fellow humans but indifference toward the plight of nonhuman animals.

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

Associating two things not normally associated with each other.

Instrumental Conditioning

A learning process in which behavior is modified by the consequences of the behavior, with reinforcements used to increase desirable behaviors and punishments to decrease undesirable ones.

Socialization

The process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and behaviors appropriate to their society or culture.

Negatively Reinforced

A process in operant conditioning where a response is strengthened because it leads to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus.