Read the Following Scenario to Answer the Following Question(s)

question 21

Multiple Choice

Read the following scenario to answer the following question(s) .
Nitrogen shortage is a common nutritional problem for plants. In crops, a nitrogen deficiency can result in stunted growth as well as lower nutritional content. Farmers sometimes apply fertilizers containing nitrogen as well as other essential nutrients, such as phosphorus and potassium. Compost can also be used to fertilize soils. Compost consists of vegetable matter that adds nutrients to soil as it is decomposed by microorganisms, fungi, and animals. Certain plants, including legumes such as peas and beans, house nitrogen-fixing bacteria in swellings called root nodules. The bacteria have enzymes that help convert atmospheric N2 to ammonium ions that can be readily used by the plants. The plant, in turn, provides the bacteria with other nutrients. When conditions are favorable, root nodule bacteria fix so much nitrogen that the nodules secrete excess ammonia.
-Some farmers practice crop rotation,alternating between planting non-legumes such as corn or wheat one year and legumes the next year.What is the advantage of crop rotation?

• A) The legumes in the rotation will transfer nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to the other crop plants.
• B) Planting legumes enriches the soil when root nodule bacteria fix so much nitrogen that excess ammonia is secreted into soil.
• C) The nitrogen-fixing bacteria in legumes can migrate to non-legume crop plants and provide them with nitrogen.
• D) Legumes make for good compost, increasing the richness of soil.

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Definitions:

Basidiocarp

The fruiting body of basidiomycete fungi, which is visible as mushrooms or toadstools, playing a key role in sexual reproduction.

Reproduction

is the biological process by which new individual organisms are produced from their parents.

Aboveground

Pertaining to or situated on the surface of the earth; not underground or underwater.

Sexual Spore

A reproductive structure in fungi and some plants formed by the fusion of two distinct parent cells, leading to genetic recombination and variation.