Dr Aoyama Has to Prescribe a Syrupy Medication for One

question 174

Multiple Choice

Dr. Aoyama has to prescribe a syrupy medication for one of her elderly patients. She has two choices: one that smells bad but tastes good or one that smells good but tastes bad. Since her patient is 75 years old, and assuming she wants to prescribe the medicine that is most tolerable, which medicine should she prescribe?

• A) The one that smells bad
• B) The one that tastes bad
• C) Either one, because people that old have little or no sense of taste or smell
• D) If the patient is male, she should prescribe the one that tastes bad; if the patient is female, she should prescribe the one that smells bad

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Definitions:

Type I Error

The mistake of rejecting a true null hypothesis, or in other words, concluding that a difference or effect exists when it actually does not.

Decision Rule

A pre-determined guideline or criterion used to choose between multiple alternatives in the face of uncertainty, often based on statistical analysis.

P Value

The probability of observing the given result, or more extreme, by chance if the null hypothesis is true.

Critical Value

A threshold in hypothesis testing, which when exceeded or not met determines the outcome of the test, often leading to the rejection or acceptance of the null hypothesis.