The Ability of Some Individuals to Find Pleasure in Tobacco

question 24

Multiple Choice

The ability of some individuals to find pleasure in tobacco, cannabis, and certain other plant-based substances could have evolved in response to or as a side effect of:

• A) past populations' infection with helminths (parasitic worms)
• B) the existential dread provoked by awareness of death
• C) exposure to cowpox among those who work with cattle
• D) famine or hunger
• E) the invention of flush toilets, soap, and running water

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Definitions:

Group Equivalence

A condition in experimental research where the groups being compared are equal or similar in all relevant aspects except for the intervention being tested.

Repeated Testing

The process of conducting the same test multiple times to verify the reliability and consistency of its results.

Placebo Control Group

is a group in an experiment that receives a sham or inactive treatment, which is used to assess the psychological impact of receiving treatment rather than the treatment's actual efficacy.

Real Control Group

Represents a group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment or intervention, used as a benchmark to measure the effect of the treatment.