"In Permissive Systems, Increasing the Level of Social Heterogeneity Has

question 22

Multiple Choice

"In permissive systems, increasing the level of social heterogeneity has a positive effect on the number of parties in the party system." What is the independent variable?

• A) permissiveness of electoral system
• B) democratic stability
• C) number of parties
• D) social heterogeneity

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Definitions:

Earned-Income Tax Credit

A returnable tax credit aimed at individuals and families with low to moderate income who work, especially those who have children.

Wage Subsidy

A financial incentive given by governments to employers to encourage the hiring of certain individuals, often used to reduce unemployment in disadvantaged groups.

Social Security Taxes

Taxes imposed by governments to fund social security programs, typically deducted from employees' paychecks and matched by employers.

Occupational Choices

The decisions individuals make regarding their employment, including type of job, industry, and professional career path.