Mafia Game in Chapter 4, We Described the Prisoner's Dilemma Game in Game

question 46

Multiple Choice

Mafia Game
In Chapter 4, we described the Prisoner's Dilemma Game in which two prisoners had to choose between ratting out their partner or keeping quiet. The Nash equilibrium in this game involved both prisoners' deciding to talk even though they would both have been better off keeping quiet. If any of you watch episodes of Law and Order, TV's longest running crime series, this scenario will probably be very familiar to you. However, many of you will probably be aware that there are certain types of criminals in the real world who rarely talk or rat out their accomplices. In particular, it is well known that members of the Mafia or Cosa Nostra rarely provide incriminating evidence against their accomplices. Why is this? The answer is that the Mafia organization imposes a cost, often physical and deadly, on anyone who talks to the police. This additional cost changes the structure of the strategic situation in which the two prisoners find themselves. Rather than playing the traditional Prisoner's Dilemma, we can think that the prisoners are playing a Mafia Game with a payoff matrix like the one shown in Figure 1, below; "c" is the cost imposed by the Mafia on a suspect who talks.
Figure 1: Mafia Game

-In the Mafia Game, what is the minimum cost that the Mafia needs to impose on members who talk in order for the Nash equilibrium to be one in which both suspects keep quiet?

• A) anything greater than 10
• B) 5
• C) anything greater than 5
• D) anything greater than 0

Understand the variety of renewable energy resources and their characteristics.

Recognize the global impact and regional differences in renewable energy usage.

Identify the advantages and disadvantages of specific renewable energy sources.

Understand the principles and applications of solar energy, including photovoltaic cells and passive solar heating.

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Definitions:

Midpoint Method

A technique used in economics for calculating elasticity by averaging the starting and ending prices and quantities.

Cross-Price Elasticity

Measure of how the quantity demanded of one good responds to a change in the price of another good.

Positive

Affirmative, constructive, or based on factual data; often used in reference to positive statements in economics which describe the world as it is, rather than how it should be.

Good Y

A general term used to represent a specific product or commodity in economic models or discussions.