Which of These Three Criteria Were Set Out in Ottaway

question 8

Multiple Choice

Which of these three criteria were set out in Ottaway v Norman as essential in order to establish a secret trust?

• A)An obligation that the recipient should hold the property on trust for the 'true' beneficiary.
• B)The testator communicated that intention to the recipient.
• C)The beneficiary must be aware of the existence of the trust.
• D)The recipient accepted the testator's intention. The recipient's acceptance
• E)of that obligation could be either express or implied by acquiescence.

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Definitions:

Spontaneous

Occurring without premeditation or external stimulus, often marked by a natural, unplanned flow.

Ecological Systems Theory

A theory proposed by Urie Bronfenbrenner, suggesting that human development is influenced by different kinds of environmental systems ranging from the immediate family and school settings to broader community and society levels.

Microsystem

Microsystem refers to the closest layer of the social environments in an individual's life, such as family and school, and the interactions within these settings.

Intrapychic Conflict

An internal struggle arising from opposing demands or impulses within an individual's mind.