Determine Whether the Given Argument Is Valid or Invalid

question 283

Multiple Choice

determine whether the given argument is valid or invalid. If it is invalid, select a counterexample.
-1. (∀x) (Fx ⊃ Gx)
2) (∃x) Fx / (∀x) (∼Gx ⊃ ∼Ex)

• A) Valid
• B) Invalid. Counterexample in a domain of 2 members, in which:
• Fa: False Ga: False Ea: False
• Fb: True Gb: False Eb: True
• C) Invalid. Counterexample in a domain of 2 members, in which:
• Fa: False Ga: False Ea: True
• Fb: True Gb: True Eb: True
• D) Invalid. Counterexample in a domain of 2 members, in which:
• Fa: False Ga: False Ea: False
• Fb: False Gb: True Eb: False
• E) Invalid. Counterexample in a domain of 2 members, in which:
• Fa: True Ga: False Ea: False
• Fb: True Gb: True Eb: True

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