Things Are Pleasant If, and Only If, They Are Not

question 62

Multiple Choice

Things are pleasant if, and only if, they are not too crowded. Everything too crowded is noisy. So if something isn't noisy, then something is pleasant.
-Which of the following is the best translation into M of this argument?

• A) (∀x)(Px ⊃ ∼Cx) (∀x)(Cx ⊃ Nx) / (∃x)(∼Nx • Px)
• B) (∀x)(Px ≡ ∼Cx) (∀x)(Cx ⊃ Nx) / ∼(∃x)Nx ⊃ (∃x)Px
• C) (∀x)(Px ⊃ ∼Cx) (∀x)(Cx ⊃ Nx) / (∃x)∼Nx ⊃ (∃x)Px
• D) (∀x)(Px ≡ ∼Cx) (∀x)(Cx ⊃ Nx) / (∃x)∼Nx ⊃ (∃x)Px
• E) (∀x)(Px ≡ ∼Cx) (∀x)(Cx ⊃ Nx) / (∃x)(∼Nx • Px)

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Definitions:

Grit

A personality trait characterized by perseverance and passion for long-term goals.

Achievement Motivation

A psychological construct that drives an individual to pursue and attain goals, often characterized by persistence and effort.

Chain Migration

A social process by which immigrants from a particular town follow others from that town to a new country or city, creating a chain of migration.

Social Networking

The use of internet-based platforms and applications to create, share, or exchange information, ideas, and content among communities.