Determine Whether the Given Formula Is a Logical Truth of M

question 100

Essay

determine whether the given formula is a logical truth of M or not. If it is a logical truth, provide a proof of the formula. If it is not a logical truth, provide a counterexample in a finite domain.
-(∃x)(Cx • Dx) $\lor$ (∃x)(Cx • ∼Dx)

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Definitions:

Treasury Stock

Shares that were issued and later reacquired by the issuing company, reducing the amount of stock in the market.

Issued Stock

The number of shares that have been allocated (sold or given) and are held by shareholders, including both public investors and company officers or insiders.

Outstanding Stock

The total shares of a company's stock that are currently owned by all its shareholders, including share blocks held by institutional investors and restricted shares.

Unlimited Liability

A legal structure in which the owners of a business are personally liable for all the business's debts, with no limit on the amount for which they can be liable.