Use Indirect Truth Tables to Determine Whether Each of the Following

question 111

Multiple Choice

use indirect truth tables to determine whether each of the following arguments is valid. If the argument is invalid, choose an option which presents a counterexample. (There may be other counterexamples as well.)
-R ⊃ S
V ⊃ W
X ⊃ (S • ∼W) / (R • V) ≡ X

• A) Valid
• B) Invalid. Counterexample when R, S, V, W, and X are true
• C) Invalid. Counterexample when R, S, V, and X are true and W is false
• D) Invalid. Counterexample when R, S, and X are true and V and W are false
• E) Invalid. Counterexample when R and S are true and X, V, and W are false

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Definitions:

Promiscuous

Characterized by or involving indiscriminate mingling or association, especially having sexual relations with a number of partners on a casual basis.

Genital Stage

In Freudian psychosexual development, the final stage characterized by mature sexual interests and activities, typically beginning at puberty.

Puberty

The period during which adolescents reach sexual maturity and become capable of reproduction.

Children Enter

The phase when children begin a particular stage or environment, such as starting school or entering puberty.