If Names Are Purely Referential and Do Not Have Descriptive

question 5

Multiple Choice

If names are purely referential and do not have descriptive content, then 'Fido' means Fido. If names do have descriptive content, then 'Fido' means my idea of Fido. But Fido does not mean my idea of Fido. Names are purely referential. So, 'Fido' means Fido.
-Which of the following is the best translation into PL of this argument?

• A) R • (∼D ⊃ F) D ⊃ I
• ∼I
• R / F
• B) (R • ∼D) ⊃ F D ⊃ F
• ∼I
• N / F
• C) (R • ∼D) ⊃ F D ⊃ I
• ∼I
• R / F
• D) (R • ∼D) ⊃ F
• D ⊃ F
• ∼F
• R / F
• E) (R • D) ⊃ F D ⊃ I
• ∼F
• R / F

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Definitions:

Mesoderm

Mesoderm is the middle layer of an embryo in early development, giving rise to muscles, bones, the cardiovascular system, and other internal organs.

Diethylstilbestrol

A synthetic estrogen that was prescribed between the 1940s and 1970s to prevent miscarriage, later found to cause a range of health issues.

Teratogens

Substances or environmental factors that can cause developmental malformations or complications in an embryo or fetus.

Placenta

This is an organ generated in the uterus while a woman is pregnant, facilitating the transfer of oxygen and nutrients to the fetus and the removal of waste substances from the fetal blood.