Determine Whether the Argument Is Valid or Invalid $\lor$

question 72

Multiple Choice

determine whether the argument is valid or invalid. If it is invalid, select a counterexample.
-1. ∼(I $\lor$ J)
2) J ⊃ (K ⊃ L)
3) K ≡ ∼L / L

• A) Valid
• B) Invalid. Counterexample when I, J, and K are true and L is false
• C) Invalid. Counterexample when I and K are true and J and L are false
• D) Invalid. Counterexample when J and K are true and I and L are false
• E) Invalid. Counterexample when K is true and I, J, and L are false

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Definitions:

Net Capital Outflow

The difference between the domestic savings and investment in a country, indicating the amount of money flowing out of the country to invest abroad minus the inflow.

Net Exports

The value of a country's total exports minus the value of its total imports; a component of a country's GDP.

Farm Equipment

Machinery and tools used in the farming industry for the purposes of planting, harvesting, and caring for crops.

Net Exports

The difference between the value of a country's exports and the value of its imports.