Determine Whether the Given Argument Is Valid or Invalid $\lor$

question 294

Essay

determine whether the given argument is valid or invalid. If it is valid, provide a derivation of the conclusion from the premises. If it is invalid, provide a counterexample.
-1. ∼(R $\lor$ S)
2. ∼R ⊃ (∼T ⊃ X)
3. T ≡ X / T

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Definitions:

Algebraic Expression

An algebraic expression is a mathematical phrase that can contain numbers, variables, and operation symbols, but no equality sign.

Ratio

A relationship between two numbers indicating how many times the first number contains the second.

Algebraic Expression

A combination of numbers, variables, and operations that represents a specific value when evaluated.

Absolute Value

The distance of a number from zero on the number line, without considering its direction; it’s always non-negative.