The Threat to Internal Validity Called "Testing

question 8

Multiple Choice

The threat to internal validity called "testing"

• A) refers to changes in behavior due to the observation techniques.
• B) refers to the use of measurement procedures themselves.
• C) refers to school-based program evaluations.
• D) cannot be a threat to pretest/posttest designs.

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Definitions:

Recession Phase

Part of the business cycle characterized by a decline in economic activity, marked by falling GDP and rising unemployment.

Full Employment

A situation in an economy where all available labor resources are being used in the most economically efficient way, typically characterized by low unemployment.

Cyclical Unemployment

Unemployment attributed to the cyclical trends in the economy, typically increasing during recessions and decreasing during expansions.

Recovery Phase

A stage in the economic cycle where economic activity picks up and GDP starts to rise again after a period of decline or recession.