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A commonly used ratio to judge the amount a company is earning, not just for its owners, but related to all the resources that managers have to use in the business, is
Materials Price Variance
The difference between the actual cost of direct materials and the standard cost, multiplied by the actual quantity of materials purchased.
Labor Rate Variance
The difference between the expected cost of labor per unit of production and the actual cost, often used to identify efficiency and wage rate changes.
Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance
The difference between the actual variable overhead incurred and the standard cost allocated for the actual production volume, resulting from efficiency in variable overhead resource usage.
Variable Overhead Rate Variance
The difference between the actual variable overhead incurred and the standard cost of variable overhead allocated for the actual production level.
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