Because Laws Represent the Interests of Those in Power, Crimes

question 7

Multiple Choice

Because laws represent the interests of those in power, crimes committed by the upper classes are typically treated more leniently than crimes committed by the lower classes. This argument is consistent with:

• A) differential association theory.
• B) conflict theory.
• C) principled deviance.
• D) lack of deterrence.
• E) functionalist theory.

---

Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral principle where the removal of an unpleasant stimulus following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.

Intermittent Reinforcement

A conditioning schedule where a response is only sometimes rewarded, leading to more persistent behavior than continuous reinforcement.

Negative Reinforcement

A behavioral principle where the removal of an undesirable or unpleasant stimulus following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.

Nagging

A persistent annoyance or complaining about something in a repetitive and irritating manner.