In Order to Conclude That an Independent and Dependent Variable

question 18

Multiple Choice

In order to conclude that an independent and dependent variable are causally related, a researcher must know that the independent variable preceded the dependent variable in time. When is time order likely to be a problem in the analysis of experimental data?

• A)when the researcher is studying the relationship between popularity and depression
• B)when the researcher is studying the relationship between popularity and happiness
• C)when the researcher is studying the relationship between alcohol use and emotion
• D)when the researcher is studying the relationship between perceived status and susceptibility to social influence
• E)Time order is never a problem when data are collected using an experiment

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Definitions:

Real Exchange Rate

The price of a country's goods and services compared to those of another country, adjusted for inflation.

Trade Restriction

Measures implemented by governments to control the amount of trade across their borders including tariffs, quotas, and bans.

Net Capital Outflow

The net balance resulting from domestic residents buying foreign assets and foreigners buying domestic assets.

Real Interest Rate

The interest rate adjusted for inflation, indicating the real profit of an investment or the real cost of borrowing.