Internal Validity Is High When a Researcher Can Conclude with Certainty

question 7

Multiple Choice

Internal validity is high when a researcher can conclude with certainty that:

• A)an independent variable causes a dependent variable
• B)results generalize from the study sample to a target population
• C)the results of a study apply across social categories (e.g., males/females, racial/ethnic
• D)minorities/Whites, working-/middle-class individuals)
• E)the results of a study are consistent with the results of prior research on a particular
• F) topic
• G) both b and c

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Definitions:

Atkinson And Shiffrin

A model of memory proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968, describing memory in terms of three stores: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Long-Term Memory

The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.

Working Memory

A short-term memory system involved in the temporary storage and manipulation of information necessary for complex cognitive tasks like learning, reasoning, and comprehension.

Working Memory

A cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing, crucial for reasoning and the guidance of decision-making and behavior.