​How Did the Decisions of Gratz V

question 31

Multiple Choice

​How did the decisions of Gratz v. Bollinger and Grutter v. Bollinger answer the question of whether promoting diversity was grounds enough to support the constitutionality of affirmative action?

• A) It was in the government's best interest to promote educational diversity, and race could be heavily weighted in making an admission decision.
• B) It was in the government's best interest to equally balance educational diversity with all other factors in making an admission decision.
• C) It was in the government's best interest to promote educational diversity, as long as admission decisions were not heavily influenced by race considerations.
• D) It was in the government's best interest to make race a predominant factor in making an admission decision.​

Understand the influence of power and politics on organizational behavior.

Recognize the significance of the iron law of responsibility in balancing power.

Distinguish between legitimate, coercive, reward, expert, and personal forms of power.

Understand the concept of resistance (constructive and dysfunctional) in organizational settings.

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Definitions:

Variable Costing

A costing method in which only variable production costs are assigned to inventory and cost of goods sold, excluding fixed manufacturing overhead.

Absorption Costing

A method of product costing that includes all manufacturing costs—direct materials, direct labor, and both variable and fixed manufacturing overhead.

Unit Product Cost

The total cost incurred to produce, store, and sell one unit of a product, including direct materials, labor, and overhead.

Variable Costing

A financial accounting approach that incorporates only variable production charges (direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead) into the cost structure of products.