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An Iodine Deficiency Causes the Thyroid Gland to Enlarge

question 13

Essay

An iodine deficiency causes the thyroid gland to enlarge. Explain why this occurs. Include the following terms in your answer: thyroid hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and goiter.


Definitions:

Hormones

Chemical messengers produced by the endocrine glands that are released into the bloodstream to regulate bodily functions.

Esophagus

The muscular tube that connects the throat (pharynx) with the stomach and transports swallowed food and liquids.

Thyroid Gland

A butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism, energy generation, and body temperature.

Vasoconstriction

The narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, which increases blood pressure.

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