Studies of Achievement Have Shown That Externals

question 13

Multiple Choice

Studies of achievement have shown that externals

• A) perform better on academic tests than internals in elementary school.
• B) get better grades than internals in college.
• C) receive lower scores on achievement tests in high school.
• D) all of the above

---

Definitions:

Alternative Hypothesis

A hypothesis that contradicts the null hypothesis, indicating that there is a significant difference between specified populations.

Significance Level

Another term for level of significance, denoting the cutoff probability for determining when the p-value indicates a statistically significant result.

Nonparametric Tests

Statistical tests not based on assumptions about the form or parameters of the population distribution from which the samples are drawn.

Parametric Tests

Statistical tests that make assumptions about the parameters of the distribution(s) from which one's data are drawn.