Sparse and Ambiguous Treatment of Policy Issues and the Emphasis

question 144

Multiple Choice

Sparse and ambiguous treatment of policy issues and the emphasis on past performance and personal competence fits better with which of the following models?

• A) electoral reward and punishment
• B) responsible party
• C) electoral competition
• D) prospective voting
• E) median voting

Grasp the prevalence and treatment statistics of mental disorders in the U.S. as revealed by the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R).

Distinguish between normal and pathological psychological conditions, such as anxiety.

Differentiate between disorders based on symptoms and clinical presentation.

Recognize the prevalence and impact of psychological disorders in the general population.

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Definitions:

Neutral Stimulus

A stimulus that initially produces no specific response other than focusing attention, until it is paired with a unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response.

Extinction

The gradual weakening and eventual disappearance of a conditioned response when the conditioned stimulus is no longer paired with the unconditioned stimulus.

Conditioned Stimulus

A previously neutral stimulus that, after becoming associated with an unconditioned stimulus, evokes a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Stimulus

An unconditioned stimulus is a stimulus that automatically triggers a reflexive response without any prior learning or conditioning.