People from the High-Altitude Highlands of South America Develop Larger

question 28

Multiple Choice

People from the high-altitude highlands of South America develop larger lung capacity in order to process more oxygen; however, if these individuals move to a lower altitude, the size does not reverse because:

• A) acclimatization is permanent.
• B) advantageous phenotypic traits are genetically determined.
• C) this trait is a variation that results from only genetic factors.
• D) this is a permanent developmental adaptation.
• E) this adaptation changes the individual's DNA.

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Definitions:

IgG Antibodies

A type of antibody that is the most abundant in body fluids and plays a key role in the immune response to pathogens.

Contact Killing

A phenomenon where certain cells or materials can destroy microorganisms on direct contact, often used in reference to antimicrobial surfaces.

Cell-mediated Immunity

The aspect of immunity that is mediated by specialized cells known as T lymphocytes for defending the body against viral infections and cancer.

Cytotoxic T Cells

A type of white blood cell that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected with viruses, or cells that are damaged in other ways.