In the Modern World System, Peripheral Nations

question 46

Multiple Choice

In the modern world system, peripheral nations:

• A) are industrialized former colonial powers.
• B) tend to draw resources from less developed regions and convert them into manufactured goods.
• C) serve primarily as sources of raw materials, agricultural products, and cheap labor.
• D) typically control the most lucrative economic processes.
• E) are characterized by having a high standard of living.

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing aversive stimuli. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: Negative reinforcement is not punishment.)

Punishment

An event that tends to decrease the behavior that it follows.

Positive Punishment

An operant conditioning principle where a response is followed by a stimulus, leading to a decrease in the likelihood of that response occurring in the future.

Negative Reinforcer

A stimulus whose removal or avoidance following a behavior increases the likelihood of that behavior being repeated in the future.