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The larger the value of the chi-square test statistic,the more likely the discrepancy between observed and expected frequencies was due to chance or error.
Spongy Bone
Also known as cancellous or trabecular bone, it is less dense than compact bone, containing large spaces that give it a porous appearance.
Osteoblasts
Cells in the body responsible for the synthesis and mineralization of bone during both initial bone formation and later bone remodeling.
Sweat Gland
Specialized glands in the skin of mammals that produce sweat, a fluid consisting of water and salts, which helps in thermoregulation.
Calcium Ions
Charged calcium particles (Ca2+) that play critical roles in biological processes, including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, and cell signaling.
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Q41: The denominator of the Pearson correlation coefficient
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