In Palsgraf V

question 181

Multiple Choice

In Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad, where Palsgraf was hit by machinery that fell when an explosion occurred at a train station, and she sued the railroad for negligence, the New York high court held that the railroad:

• A) was negligent for exposing Palsgraf to danger, so could be liable for her injury
• B) was negligent for exposing Palsgraf to danger, but the cause of the accident was a careless passenger, not the railroad, so it was relieved of liability by intervening conduct
• C) was negligent for exposing Palsgraf to danger, but the explosion was not the proximate cause of the accident, so there was no liability
• D) was negligent for exposing Palsgraf to danger, but its actions were not a substantial factor in what caused the accident, so there was no liability
• E) was not liable because of a lack of proximate cause

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Definitions:

Confidence Interval

A variety of values, based on statistics from a sample, which is conjectured to envelop an obscure population parameter.

P-value

A statistical concept indicating the probability of observing data as extreme as those seen, if the null hypothesis were true, used in hypothesis testing.

Maximum Oxygen Uptake

The highest amount of oxygen an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise, indicating aerobic endurance capacity.

Normal Distribution

A bell-shaped curve, which is symmetric about the mean, depicting the distribution of many types of data.