In Which of the Following Situations Would Secondary Rather Than

question 62

Multiple Choice

In which of the following situations would secondary rather than primary succession be most likely to occur?

• A) on an island that has just risen out of the ocean
• B) on bare ground exposed by the retreat of a glacier
• C) on the surface of recently cooled lava
• D) in a forest that had burned to bare ground

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Definitions:

Secondary Reinforcement

A stimulus that becomes reinforcing through its association with a primary reinforcer.

Intermittent Reinforcement

A conditioning schedule in which a reward or punishment is given only some of the time a behavior occurs, leading to more robust responses.

Primary Reinforcement

A stimulus that is inherently rewarding, satisfying a biological need or desire, such as food, water, or shelter.

Continuous Reinforcement

A type of learning in which a desired behavior is reinforced every time it occurs, leading to faster acquisition of the behavior.