Which of the Following Represents the Most Significant Anthropogenic Modification

question 62

Multiple Choice

Which of the following represents the most significant anthropogenic modification to the nitrogen cycle?

• A)industrial fixation of nitrogen to produce fertilizer
• B)release of nitrogen dioxide as a waste emission from burning coal
• C)production of nitrogen monoxide by car engines
• D)nitrogen fixation by bacteria associated with agricultural crops such as peas

Understand the differences between confidence intervals at different confidence levels.

Grasp how to estimate population parameters (mean or proportion) from sample statistics.

Understand the concept of the standard error of the mean.

Know how to calculate the standard deviation of a population given a sample.

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Definitions:

Behavioral Contrast

A phenomenon where the rate of response to a stimulus changes when the conditions of reinforcement for another stimulus are altered.

Eyeblink Conditioning

When a conditioned stimulus (CS) becomes able to elicit a conditioned eyeblink as a result of being paired with a puff of air or a brief electrical shock below the eye.

Extinction Procedure

A process in conditioning where a conditioned response decreases in frequency and eventually disappears when the conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned stimulus.

Conditioned Stimulus

A stimulus that was once neutral becomes capable of triggering a conditioned response after being paired with an unconditioned stimulus.