The Ptolemaic View of the Universe, Accepted by Most Europeans

question 15

Multiple Choice

The Ptolemaic view of the universe, accepted by most Europeans prior to the seventeenth century, was premised upon all of the following beliefs except that:

• A) the earth was flat.
• B) the stars and planets were not far from the earth.
• C) the stars and planets were made of pure light or a bright, ethereal substance.
• D) a series of crystalline, transparent spheres encompassed the earth.

---

Definitions:

Invalid Syllogism

An invalid syllogism is a form of deductive reasoning where the conclusion does not logically follow from its premises, thus making the argument logically incorrect.

Rules Of Validity

The principles and criteria used to assess the logical soundness of arguments and syllogisms.

Traditional View

A conventional perspective or belief that adheres to long-established practices or interpretations.

Modern View

Current perspectives or theories in a field, reflecting the latest developments, research, and thinking, as opposed to traditional or outdated positions.