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Ayse and Ali Are Discussing the Causes of the High

question 46

Multiple Choice

Ayse and Ali are discussing the causes of the high rate of depression among women.Ali points out how early childhood environment affects women's depression when they encounter stress later in life.On the other hand,Ayse thinks that higher rates of depression among women are solely due to oppression of women in a male-dominated society.Ali seems to adopt a ____ approach,whereas Ayse seems to adopt a ____ approach to causes of depression.

Understand the mechanisms through which managed-care organizations like HMOs and PPOs aim to reduce health care costs.

Acknowledge the significance of non-price rationing mechanisms and their application in health care cost containment in different countries.

Realize the implications of health care subsidies and the effects of the personal mandate provision under the PPACA.

Identify strategies employed by different stakeholders (employers, countries) to manage health care costs and promote wellness.

Definitions:

Decentralized Organization

An organizational structure where decision-making authority is distributed among various levels and departments, enhancing flexibility and responsiveness.

Indirect Expenses

Expenses that are not directly linked to specific product production or service provision, such as utilities and rent.

Fixed Expenses

Expenses that do not change with the level of production or business activity, such as rent, salaries, and insurance premiums.

Departmental Cost Analysis

The process of evaluating and breaking down the costs associated with each department within an organization, facilitating budgeting and efficiency improvements.