Many 2-Year-Old Infants Enter a Special Program Because of Their

question 57

Multiple Choice

Many 2-year-old infants enter a special program because of their very low IQ scores.Five years later,most of them have improved.Perhaps the program helped.What is another explanation?

• A)On average, 7-year-olds have higher IQs than 2-year-olds.
• B)Their scores increased because of the Flynn effect.
• C)The IQ test for 7-year-olds is easier than the one for 2-year-olds.
• D)Scores fluctuate on tests with low reliability.

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Definitions:

Fixed-Interval

A reinforcement schedule in which the first reaction is reinforced after a predetermined period, resulting in a patterned series of responses.

Variable-Interval

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is rewarded after an unpredictable amount of time has passed.

Fixed-Ratio

In the context of reinforcement learning, it describes a schedule where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses have occurred, leading to a high, steady rate of responding.

Variable-Ratio

A reinforcement schedule in which the number of responses required for a reward varies around an average, making the reinforcement unpredictable and typically leading to high and stable response rates.