​What Assumption Is the Basis for the Polygraph Test

question 129

Multiple Choice

​What assumption is the basis for the polygraph test?

• A)When people lie, they shift activity from the left hemisphere to the right hemisphere.
• B)​When people lie, they shift their posture.
• C)​When people lie, they increase their heart rate and breathing rate.
• D)​When people lie, they fidget their hands and look away.

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Definitions:

Motivational Bias

A cognitive bias that affects the direction of people's behavior by their underlying motives, desires, or needs.

Focus-of-Attention Bias

The tendency to prioritize and remember information that is the focus of one's attention, often at the expense of other information.

Actor-Observer Difference

The bias in attribution whereby actors tend to see their own behavior as due to characteristics of the external situation, whereas observers tend to attribute actors’ behavior to the actors’ internal, personal characteristics.

Halo Effect

The tendency of our general or overall liking for a person to influence our assessment of more specific traits of that person. The halo effect can produce inaccuracy in our ratings of others’ traits and performances.