By Using Instrumental Variables,what Was Ramanarayanan Able to Suggest Regarding

question 17

Multiple Choice

By using instrumental variables,what was Ramanarayanan able to suggest regarding the learning curve?

• A)High quality surgeons receive more referrals and can be choosier with their patients thus experiencing better outcomes
• B)Surgeons who treat more patients after the retirement of a colleague experience better outcomes
• C)Surgeons who treat more patients after the retirement of a colleague experience the same outcomes
• D)Surgeons who treat more patients after the retirement of a colleague experience worse outcomes
• E)Each additional surgery performed by a surgeon increases the probability of patient mortality

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Definitions:

Corpus Callosum

A thick band of nerve fibers that divides the cerebral cortex lobes into left and right hemispheres, facilitating interhemispheric communication.

Seizures

Sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain that can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, and levels of consciousness.

Neurosurgeons

Medical specialists focused on the surgical treatment of disorders affecting the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.

Left Hemisphere

The left side of the brain, known for controlling language, mathematical tasks, and logic.