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There are three different models for organizing relations between a central government and local or subdivisional governments. Define all three models and list advantages of each model.
Economic Loss
A decrease in financial wealth, including lost opportunity, costs, inefficiencies, or expenditures that exceed the benefits.
Fixed Cost
Costs that do not vary with the level of output or operations, such as rent, salaries, and insurance premiums.
Economic Loss
The negative difference between a company's revenues and its expenses, including opportunity costs.
Average Variable Cost
The total variable costs divided by the quantity of output produced; it varies with production levels.
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