Before 2002,why Did Astronomers Detect Only a Fraction of the Neutrinos

question 11

Essay

Before 2002,why did astronomers detect only a fraction of the neutrinos they expected from the Sun?

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Definitions:

Alpha

In statistics, alpha often denotes the level of significance, a threshold below which the null hypothesis is rejected.

Chi-Square

A statistical test used to determine if a significant relationship exists between two categorical variables in a contingency table.

Degrees of Freedom (df)

Number of values or quantities free to vary when a statistic is used to estimate a parameter.

Expected Frequency

In statistics, the frequency expected in a category of a contingency table under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.