Explain the Difference Between Programmed and Nonprogrammed Decisions, and Give

question 46

Essay

Explain the difference between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions, and give an example of each.

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Definitions:

Pioneer Species

The first species to colonize previously disrupted or damaged ecosystems, starting a chain of ecological succession that ultimately leads to a more biodiverse steady-state ecosystem.

Herbivory

The eating of plants by animals, a biological interaction essential for energy transfer in many ecosystems.

Endemic Species

Species that are found only in a specific geographical area and nowhere else in the world.

Exotic Species

Organisms introduced to new environments where they are not naturally found, often causing harm to native species and ecosystems.