Simard Et Al

question 27

Multiple Choice

Simard et al.(1997) further hypothesized that if reciprocal transfer did occur,it would be a source-sink relationship driven by photosynthetic rates.That is,if one seedling is in full sun and the other in deep shade,there will be a net movement of carbon from the seedling in full sun to the one in deep shade.If a shade was placed over the birch seedlings and the cedar,and the Douglas fir was left in full sun,what result could Simard and colleagues expect?

• A)More ¹³C would be found in the birch than in the Douglas fir.
• B)More ¹³C would be found in the Douglas fir than the birch.
• C)The most ¹³C would be found in the cedar.
• D)The most ¹⁴C would be found in the cedar.

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Definitions:

Long-run Total Costs

The total costs incurred by a firm when all factors of production are variable, emphasizing the period where no costs are fixed.

Average-fixed-cost Curve

A curve that shows the relationship between the average fixed cost of producing a good and the quantity of the good produced, typically declining as production increases.

Marginal Product

The increase in output that results from employing one more unit of a particular input, holding all other inputs constant.

Explicit Costs

Direct, out-of-pocket expenses paid by firms for inputs to production, such as wages, rent, and materials, as opposed to implicit costs which are not directly paid out in cash.