To Conclude That the Clark's Nutcracker Is a Mutualistic Seed

question 19

Multiple Choice

To conclude that the Clark's nutcracker is a mutualistic seed disperser,not just a predator,you would need to determine that

• A)if the birds are not present,whitebark pine cannot spread.
• B)the birds eat all the seeds they cache.
• C)seeds in the caches can germinate to produce seedlings.
• D)bears and squirrels do not eat any of the seeds.

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Definitions:

Pollution Charges

Fees imposed on entities that pollute, acting as a financial disincentive for environmental pollution.

Efficient

A state or quality of achieving maximum productivity with the least waste of time or resources; often used in the context of economic resource allocation.

Pollution Cost

The economic expenses associated with the negative environmental impacts of pollution.

Global Warming

The increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases.