Examlex
Managers' communication is __________-directed, in that it directs everyone's attention toward the vision, values, and desired goals of the team or organization and influences people to act in a way that will help to achieve those goals.
External Validity
The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized or applied to other settings, populations, or times.
Internal Validity
The extent to which a study is able to produce evidence that its results are caused by the variables it is testing, free from external influence.
Correlational Method
A statistical technique used to determine the degree to which two variables are related without inferring a cause-and-effect relationship.
Confounding Variable
An extraneous variable in an experimental design that correlates with both the dependent and independent variables, potentially leading to a false assumption of causality.
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