What Did the Supreme Court Mean When It Declared During

question 52

Multiple Choice

What did the Supreme Court mean when it declared during World War II that race was a "suspect classification"?

• A) Any person of a different race, and particularly Japanese Americans, should be deemed suspicious until they could prove innocence.
• B) Any law using race as a basis should be suspected of being an unconstitutional classification, but the burden would be on the one challenging the law to prove it.
• C) Any classification based on race would undergo suspect scrutiny during Supreme Court review, and the rule maker would have to prove it was used because of a compelling public interest.
• D) Any local, state, or national law using racial criteria was presumed to be unconstitutional unless it could be shown to be both necessary and compelling.
• E) Any person of a different race could be classified as a suspect if a crime was committed in that person's neighborhood, but only if there was at least circumstantial evidence indicating the person might be guilty.

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Definitions:

Rule of 5

A guideline in statistics that suggests if the sample size is smaller than 5, certain statistical methods, such as normal approximation, may not be reliable.

Expected Values

The mean of a probability distribution, representing the average outcome one can expect to see.

Null Hypothesis

A statement used in statistics that suggests there is no significant difference or effect, serving as the default assumption to be tested.

Chi-Squared Test

A statistical test used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories.