What Is the Status of Affirmative Action in College Admissions

question 55

Multiple Choice

What is the status of affirmative action in college admissions after the Supreme Court decisions in the two Michigan cases, one involving the University of Michigan undergraduate program and one the law school?

• A) Affirmative action policies are generally permissible, but they cannot involve race-based quotas or numerical point systems.
• B) Affirmative action policies are assumed to be unconstitutional unless the university can demonstrate the need to promote racial tolerance.
• C) Affirmative action policies are assumed to be constitutional unless an applicant can demonstrate that race affected the admissions decision.
• D) Affirmative action policies must ensure that all racial and ethnic groups are represented in accordance with the population of the nation as a whole.
• E) All forms of affirmative action are unconstitutional because they unfairly favor some people over others based on the color of their skin.

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Definitions:

Rigorous Evaluation Techniques

Methods and procedures applied in research or assessment to thoroughly and accurately measure and analyze data or outcomes.

Level Of Satisfaction

A measure of how content an individual is with a particular situation, product, or service.

Self-Report

Describes a method of gathering data where individuals provide information about themselves, often through questionnaires or surveys.

Observational Data

Data gathered through observing subjects in their natural or controlled environments without manipulation or intervention by the researcher.