Recall That Loftus and Her Colleagues (1978) Showed Participants a Series

question 86

Multiple Choice

Recall that Loftus and her colleagues (1978) showed participants a series of slides that depicted an automobile accident.Some participants saw a yield sign in the photos and other participants saw a stop sign.Later, participants were asked questions that contained information that either did or did not match what they had actually seen (i.e., a stop sign versus a yield sign) .Results demonstrated that participants were LEAST accurate in remembering what they had actually seen when

• A) they had a very short time to view the slide series.
• B) question contents contradicted what they had actually seen.
• C) question contents reflected what they had actually seen.
• D) they reported what they had seen after being questioned, rather than before.

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Definitions:

Social Loafing

The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.

Deindividuation

The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.

Cognitive Dissonance

The mental discomfort experienced by an individual who holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas, or values at the same time, leading to tension and the motivation to reduce the dissonance.

Role-Playing

An educational or therapeutic technique where individuals act out roles in particular scenarios to learn, practice behaviors, or gain insight into themselves.