The Average Mutation Rate for DNA Replication Is 1 Mutation

question 35

Multiple Choice

The average mutation rate for DNA replication is 1 mutation for every 10 billion (10,000,000,000) nucleotides of DNA replicated. Yet DNA polymerase makes a mistake during replication at an average of 1 in 100,000 nucleotides. What does this say about DNA replication?

• A) Most errors in DNA replication become mutations.
• B) The base-pairing rules (A pairs with T and G pairs with C) prevent any mutations.
• C) Cells are extraordinarily proficient at repairing errors made during DNA replication.
• D) Cells recognize that a small fraction of mutations are beneficial to organisms and do not repair those.

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Recognize technologies and practices that protect against visual surveillance techniques like shoulder surfing.

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Definitions:

Machine-making Industry

A sector of the economy focused on the manufacturing and maintenance of machines and mechanical equipment.

Production Possibilities Frontier

A portrayal that shows the maximum achievable production levels for two goods, based on a selection of inputs involving resources and extra factors.

Production Possibilities Frontier

A diagram that represents the maximum production potential for two or more commodities, given certain inputs like resources and workforce.

Bowed Outward

Refers to the shape of the production possibility frontier that demonstrates increasing opportunity costs as resources are reallocated from producing one good to another.