Defensive Pessimism

question 53

Multiple Choice

Defensive pessimism

• A) is a cognitive strategy that always results in worse performance compared with optimism
• B) is a cognitive strategy involving thinking optimistically in easy situations and pessimistically in difficult situations
• C) is a cognitive strategy that can result in better performance compared with optimism
• D) involves setting high expectations so as to have an excuse for failure

---

Definitions:

Cladodes

Photosynthetic stems found in some plants that resemble leaves, functioning in photosynthesis and sometimes water storage.

Collenchyma

In plants, simple tissue composed of living cells with unevenly thickened walls; provides flexible support.

Pectin

A natural polysaccharide found in fruits, used as a gelling agent in food production.

Parenchyma

A type of plant tissue composed of living cells, usually having only thin primary walls and varying widely by morphology and metabolism.