Figure 31.4
Use the following information when answering the corresponding question(s) .
There is much discussion in the media about protecting biodiversity,but does it really matter? Canadian and Swiss researchers wanted to know if the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was important to the productivity of grasslands (M.G.A.van der Heijden,J.N.Klironomos,M.Ursic,P.Moutoglis,R.Streitwolf-Engel,T.Boler,A.Wiemken,and I.R.Sanders.1998.Mycorrhizal fungal diversity determines plant biodiversity,ecosystem variability and productivity.Nature 396:69-72) .Specifically,they wanted to know if it mattered which specific AMF species were present,or just that some type of AMF was present.They grew various plants in combination with one of four AMF species,no AMF,or all four AMF species together;and they measured plant growth under each set of conditions.All plant species were grown in each plot,so they always competed with each other with the only difference being which AMF species were present.Use the graphs in Figure 31.4 to answer the questions that follow.Note that the x-axis labels indicate the number and identity of AMF species (bar 0 = no fungi;bars A-D = individual AMF species;bar A+B+C+D = all AMF species together) .The y-axis indicates the amount (grams) of plant biomass for the species shown in italics above each graph.
-Based on the graphs in Figure 31.4,which of the following plant species is most likely not to form mycorrhizal associations?
Definitions:
Behavior Genetics
A field of study that examines the role of genetic and environmental influences on behaviors.
Epigenetics
Analysis of how changes in the expression of genes, as opposed to changes in the genetic code, influence organismal variations.
Epigenetic Effect
An epigenetic effect involves changes in gene expression that are not attributable to alterations of the DNA sequence itself but are heritable; these can result from environmental factors, behaviors, and experiences.
Chronic Child Abuse
Repeated and prolonged exposure to harmful acts or neglect towards a child by caregivers or others.
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