Figure 32.3 Use Figure 32.3 and the Following Information When Answering the Answering

question 15

Multiple Choice

Figure 32.3
Use Figure 32.3 and the following information when answering the next question.
In a review paper published in 2000,Adoutte et al.examined some animal phylogenies generated by comparing the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) of animals from many different phyla.They then integrated these independently created phylogenies into one phylogeny that best fit all the data.
Figure 32.3 compares a traditional phylogeny based on morphological characteristics (A) to the new molecular-based phylogeny described by Adoutte et al.(B) .
Note that platyhelminthes,nemerteans,and entoprocts,which do not have coeloms and are classified as acoelomates in the morphological phylogeny,are reclassified as lophotrochozoans in the molecular phylogeny.Similarly,groups classified as pseudocoelomates in the morphological phylogeny are reclassified as either lophotrochozoans or ecdysozoans in the molecular phylogeny;other lophotrochozoans and ecdysozoans have coeloms.

-Refer to the paragraph on Adoutte et al.and Figure 32.3.What does this reclassification based on molecular data imply about the evolution of acoelomates,pseudocoelomates,and coelomates?

• A)Pseudocoelomates can be seen as an intermediate stage between acoelomate and coelomate development.
• B)Although acoelomates and pseudocoelomates evolved only once,coelomates evolved multiple times in different lineages.
• C)Only the animals that evolved earliest are acoelomates.
• D)Some pseudocoelomates and acoelomates have evolved from coelomates.

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Definitions:

Estuaries

Coastal water bodies where freshwater from rivers meets and mixes with saltwater from the ocean, creating unique and richly biodiverse environments.

Salinity

The measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given amount of liquid.

Mangrove Swamp

Coastal wetlands found in tropical and subtropical regions, characterized by salt-tolerant trees and bushes adapted to high salt and brackish water conditions.

Euphotic Zone

The upper layer of a body of water that receives sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis, where most aquatic life is concentrated due to the availability of light.