Use the Following Information When Answering the Corresponding Question(s)

question 40

Multiple Choice

Use the following information when answering the corresponding question(s) .
Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) is an important tree at timberline in the Rocky Mountains and Sierra Nevadas.Its large seeds provide food for grizzly bears,squirrels and other rodents,and many birds,including its major seed disperser,the Clark's nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana) .The Clark's nutcracker has a pouch below its tongue for carrying seeds,which it deposits 10 m to 12 km from a tree.Clark's nutcrackers often store many more seeds than they need for survival;in a single year,one bird can store more than 30,000 seeds.They store 3-5 seeds from one cone in each cache and typically use the seeds for food during spring and summer.When these birds do not harvest the seeds,the seeds germinate and form new whitebark pine trees.(D.F.Tomback.1982.Dispersal of whitebark pine seeds by Clark's nutcracker: A mutualism hypothesis.Journal of Animal Ecology 51:451-67. )
-Refer to the paragraph on whitebark pine seed dispersal by Clark's nutcracker.Pines,including the whitebark pine,are pioneer-type trees.Which disperal conditions would be best for high germination rates and seedling survival?

• A)animals that eat and deposit seeds in feces under trees
• B)animals that cache the seeds in a field dominated by grasses
• C)animals that cache the seeds under shrubs
• D)birds that cache the seeds close to adult trees

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Definitions:

Projective Personality

Projective Personality assessments involve tests that use ambiguous stimuli to elicit responses that reveal aspects of an individual's personality, based on the projection of unconscious processes.

Objective Personality

This refers to personality assessments that are scored using standardized, objective measures, as opposed to subjective judgment.

Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory

A psychological assessment tool specifically designed for the evaluation of personality, psychopathology, and concerns unique to adolescents.

Projective Personality

An approach to personality assessment that interprets people's responses to ambiguous stimuli to uncover underlying thoughts, feelings, and traits.