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question 12

True/False

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Understand the basic principles of behaviorism and operant conditioning as proposed by B. F. Skinner.

Recognize the role of reinforcement and punishment in shaping behavior.

Differentiate between positive and negative reinforcement, and positive and negative punishment.

Understand the concepts of fixed-ratio, fixed-interval, variable-ratio, and variable-interval schedules of reinforcement.

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Definitions:

Probability

A measure of the likelihood that an event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1, where 0 indicates impossibility and 1 indicates certainty.

Z Score

A statistical gauge that measures how a value compares to the average of a set of values by counting the number of standard deviations it falls from the mean.

Standard Score

A score that expresses the number of standard deviations a datum is from the mean of the distribution.

Normal Curve

A symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data where most values cluster around the mean.