Use the Following to Answer Questions

question 59

Multiple Choice

Use the following to answer questions:
-wergeld

• A)Multipart collection of laws and legal commentary issued in the sixth century by the emperor Justinian.
• B)Geographic administrative districts of the church, each under the authority of a bishop and centered on a cathedral.
• C)A religious practice or belief judged unacceptable by church officials.
• D)Heads of the Roman Catholic Church, who became political as well as religious authorities. The period of this leader's term in office is called a pontificate.
• E)Another name for the Eastern Christian Church, over which emperors continued to have power.
• F)Certain rituals of the church believed to act as a conduit of God's grace, such as baptism.
• G)The conflict over the veneration of religious images in the Byzantine Empire.
• H)Compensatory payment for death or injury set in many barbarian law codes.
• I)Ritual in which Christians asked a priest for forgiveness for sins and the priest set certain actions to atone for the sins.
• J)People who were venerated for having lived or died in a way that was spiritually heroic or noteworthy.
• K)A dynasty of rulers that decisively unified the Franks under the reign of Clovis (ca. 481-511) and ruled the Frankish kingdom until the seventh century.
• L)A dynasty of rulers that took over the Frankish kingdom from the Merovingians in the seventh century; the term derives from the Latin word for "Charles," the name of several members of this dynasty.
• M)An arrangement ratified in 843 that divided Charlemagne's territories among his three surviving grandsons; their kingdoms set the pattern for the modern states of Germany, France, and Italy.

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Definitions:

Shifting Burden of Proof

A legal principle where the duty to prove or disprove a fact shifts from one party to another during the course of a legal proceeding.

Res Ipsa Loquitur

A legal doctrine that infers negligence from the very nature of an accident or injury in the absence of direct evidence on how any defendant behaved.

Finding of Negligence

A determination in law that an individual or organization failed to act with care, resulting in harm to another party.

Last-Clear-Chance Doctrine

A doctrine used by a plaintiff when the defendant establishes contributory negligence. If the plaintiff can establish that the defendant had the last opportunity to avoid the accident, the plaintiff may still recover, despite being contributorily negligent.